[in-depth review of the current state of Virtual Archaeology--the theories, the goals, the methods, and the projects; from special sessions on the subject at the Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology conference in Barcelona, Spain, 1998]

for other works by Forte, see also: Forte
for other works by Sanders, see also: Dabney, Wright, and Sanders; Jacobson and Sanders; Kornfeld and Sanders; Paley and Sanders; Sanders

[review of virtual archaeology with several examples of project initiated by companies or universities in the US and featuring Learning Sites and the Northwest Palace project.]

2006      "Digital Digs," Nature vol.440.7088:1106-07. April 27.

[review of the current state of virtual archaeology, with examples and discussion by leading practioners around the world, including Donald H. Sanders, president of Learning Sites, with images from our work and the allied Institute for the Visualization of History, Inc.]

Calliope Magazine
2004     The Assyrians.  vol.15.1. September.

[review of increasing integration of virtual reality re-creations into museums, schools, and other venues; includes mention of successful installations and projects by Learning Sites]

Coté, François
2004     "Patrimoine et nouvelles technologies: quelques repères," Continuité: le magazine du patrimoine au Québec, #99:21-23. winter 2003-2004.

[general history and description of the uses to which virtual reality has and could be put, including reviews of hardware and software; includes as a specific case study, the Learning Sites fortress of Buhen future-looking educational immersive virtual environment, and allied Learning Sites projects]

Dabney, Mary K., James C. Wright, and Donald H. Sanders
1999     "Virtual Reality and the Future of Publishing Archaeological Excavations: the multimedia publication of the prehistoric settlements on Tsoungiza at Ancient Nemea," pp.125-132 in David Bearman and Jennifer Trant, eds., Cultural Heritage Informatics: selected papers from ICHIM99, Archives & Museum Informatics: Pittsburgh. 

[discussion of Learning Sites^TM innovative electronic excvation report which will publish the complete results of the Bryn Mawr College work at Tsoungiza, including all photographs, drawings, notebook pages, analyses, and database records accessed through virtual reality as the visual index and a Java-based search engine for the database and its links to the virtual re-creations of the trenches and reconstructions of buildings and artifacts]

for other works by Sanders, see also: Barcelo, Forte, and Sanders; Jacobson and Sanders; Kornfeld and Sanders; Paley and Sanders; Sanders

Donovan, Patricia 
2002     "Digital Archaeology," UBtoday, winter issue, pp.18-21.  Also online at http://www.buffalo.edu/UBT/features/features_3.html

[an example of the new field of digitial archaeology; a review of Learning Sites collaboration with the University at Buffalo Department of Classics, the Virtual Reality Laboratory in the UB School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, the UB Center for Computational Research, and the New York State Center for Engineering Design and Industrial Innovation to re-create the ancient Assyrian palace of King Ashur-nasir-pal II at Nimrud using advanced computer graphics techniques]

2001     "Palace Unearthed with Digital Tools," University at Buffalo Reporter, vol.33, #3, Sept., p.4. also online at: "Using Digital Tools, Buffalo Archaeologists and Engineers Change the Face of Archaeological Reconstruction," State University of New York at Buffalo, UB NewsDirect, online Newspaper, May 29. http://www.buffalo.edu/news/fast-execute.cgi/article-page.html?article=52160009

[review of Learning Sites collaboration with the University at Buffalo Department of Classics, the Virtual Reality Laboratory in the UB School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, the UB Center for Computational Research, and the New York State Center for Engineering Design and Industrial Innovation to create new educational and research tools using virtual reconstructions of ancient monuments; the new tools will have intelligent agents acting as virtual tour guides and be available on very high-end systems and also on small portable units; examples from the Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II, Nimrud]

[a new publication extolling the benefits and innovations brought about by 3D printing; the article discusses the new uses of the technology by museums, with particular mention of the Learning Sites project with the Semitic Museum, Harvard, to re-create a pair of terracotta lions from Nuzi using our pioneering photomodeling software with CNC (Computer Numerically Controlled) carving machines]

Fernie, Kate and Julian D. Richards, eds.
2003     Creating and Using Virtual Reality: a guide for the arts and humanities, Oxford: Oxbow Books.

[a new analysis of the evidence leads to the conclusion that the Archaic temple of Athena, set afire by the Persian sack of Athens, was neither destroyed in the assault nor taken down at a later date, but remained standing into the Roman period, and possibly well beyond; with several images from Learning Sites' virtual reality re-creation of part of the Acropolis with a hypothetical digital reconstruction of the Archaic temple in ruins.]

[how Learning Sites photomodeling procedures coupled with a CNC routing machine have assisted Harvard's Semitic Museum better understand their fragmented ceramic lion statue from Nuzi]

Forte, Maurizio
1999     Guide: professione, archeologo, trend, Mondadori: Milan.

[detailed guide to the most current methods and techniques of the archaeological profession for fieldwork, analysis, and publication using new computer and multimedia technologies; with numerous examples from Learning Sites regarding our use of the Internet, virtual reality, and interactive educational materials]

[review of how new 3D visualizations are becoming crucial for the study of ancient history; with examples of current projects, including Learning Sites]

for other works by Forte, see also: Barcelo, Forte, and Sanders

Gay, Eben
1996    "Better Than the Real Thing?," CyberEdge Journal, May/June, v.6, #3, issue 31, pp.1,4-6.

[review of the Buhen Project, the beginnings of Learning Sites, and the advantages of using of virtual reality for cultural heritage projects]

[brief history of Learning Sites and description of early projects; synopsis of paper presented at Virtual Heritage'95 Conference, Bath, England]

for other works by Gay, see also: Sanders and Gay

[discussion of the field and applications of virtual reality, including Learning Sites educational initiatives]

[review of how CAD technology, normally used for contemporary architecture, is being used by Learning Sites for accurately studying the past; with discussion of and illustrations from our work on Gebel Barkal and the Nothwest Palace at Nimrud] 

[the CD accompanying this issue highlights the work of Learning Sites, including many of our recent projects with interactive virtual reality demos, high-resolution renderings, and text describing our goals and methods]

Jacobson, Jeffrey & Donald H. Sanders
forthcoming 2013 "The Vari House: digital puppeteering for history education, Journal of Immersive Education, v.1.

[The Vari House virtual world is a reconstruction of an ancient Greek farmhouse excavated fifty years ago in southern Greece. Implemented in Unity3D, the virtual world features a digital puppet, an avatar representing the teenage son of the farming family that lives there. We project Vari House onto a large screen, so that the house and puppet are life-sized to enhance audience engagement. Under the control of a teacher or puppeteer, the avatar communicates through voice and gesture, moving freely through the virtual space. He discusses the house itself and daily life, but any relevant topic is accessible. For depth of conversation, a human puppeteer is superior to any artificial intelligence. This version of Vari House works well for museum audiences of all ages and fits the ancient history curriculum mandated in most states for middle school..]

Kalbag, Asha
1999   Computer Graphics & Animation. Usborne Publishing: London.

[introduction to the field of computer graphics, from how to create them to how they are used in medicine, movies, and cultural heritage preservation; images from Learning Sites projects as examples of virtual reality used for reconstructions of historical sites for education]

[digital modeling of an historically accurate ancient character and the simulation of 3D human--avatar--and cloth movement in a real-time, complex virtual re-creation of the Northwest Palace of Nimrud, Assyria]

for other works by Kesavadas, see also: Kim, Youngseok; T. Kesavadas; and Samuel M. Paley
for other works by Paley, see also: Kim, Youngseok; T. Kesavadas; and Samuel M. Paley;  Paley, Samuel M. and Donald H. Sanders
for other works by Sanders, see also: Barcelo, Forte, and Sanders; Kornfeld and Sanders; Paley and Sanders; Sanders

[description and example of how Learning Sites creates interactive site or trench period or phase plans combining traditional hand-drawn plans with orthographically corrected site photographs and Javascript programming]

for other works by Sanders, see also: Barcelo, Forte, and Sanders; Dabney, Wright, and Sanders; Jacobson and Sanders; Paley and Sanders; Sanders

[review of some current projects in virtual archaeology, including those by Learning Sites, and brief overview of the process of creating a virtual reconstruction]

Levine, Oren
1995     "History Repeats Itself," Zombit v.14 December, p.21 (in Hebrew).

[synopsis of demonstrations at the Virtual Museum Gallery booth at Virtual Reality World '95 exhibition, Boston, Massachusetts, which included Learning Sites' Gebel Barkal and Nemrud Dagi virtual worlds]

[virtual reality examples, definition, applications, and challenges for the classroom]

[discussion about how virtual reality computer technologies are providing new insight into ancient sites and challenging traditional beliefs; featuring images from and comments about Learning Sites' Northwest Palace, Nimrud, project]

[review of the benefits of virtual archaeology, generating new insight into the past not possible with traditional visualization methods; featuring the Learning Sites' Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II, Nimrud, project as an example]

[review of Learning Sites methods and techniques, with images and descriptions from the Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II, Nimrud, project]

for other Computer Graphics World articles about Learning Sites, see also: Moltenbrey

[illustrated review of Learning Sites projects, goals, and objectives]

[examples of projects, including Learning Sites, using virtual reality to help archaeologists understand the past and how such digital technologies can change the discipline]

[do drawings make ancient architect monumental; does the very nature of visualizing architecture change its meaning; what is the relationship between some prominent re-creations of ancient Mesopotamian structures and their archaeological evidence; how is virtual reality changing these discussions; with mention of the Learning Sites Northwest Palace project]

2007    "From drawing to vision: the use of Mesopotamian architecture through the construction of its image," in Magistrat der Stadt Wien, MA 7 - Kultur, Referat Stadtarchäologie, ed., Workshop 11 – Archäologie und Computer 2006: Kulturelles Erbe und Neue Technologien, 18. - 20. Oktober 2006.

[discussion of the different types of visualizations used in archaeology, from the earliest pencil drawings through virtual reality, citing the Learning Sites Northwest Palace project as the exemplar for interactive 3D modeling]

Mitchell, John E.
2005     "Firm Brings Back Lost Cities of Ancient History in all their Glory," North Adams Transcript, November 19, pp.A1, A8.

[review of virtual cultural heritage, the new discipline focusing on using digital technologies, especially virtual reality, to help preserve the past; Learning Sites projects and goals are discussed among some of the leading proponents of the discipline; includes images from two of our recent projects]

for other Computer Graphics World articles about Learning Sites, see also: Mahoney.

[interview with Donald H. Sanders, founder of Learning Sites, Inc., about the history of the company and the future of virtual archaeology; published in the quarterly journal of the Innovation Group of The Rensselaerville Institute]

[proceedings of an international conference on virtual archaeology held in Arezzo, Italy, covering topics related to the use of interactive 3D computer models, databases, GIS applications, and other virtual-reality-based visualizations to the study of the past; Donald H. Sanders was an invited speaker]

[exploring the rise of computer graphics visualizations to study and teach about buildings that have no intention of being built or that no longer exist; examples from architecture and archaeology, including a highly illustrated chapter on Learning Sites Vari House and discussion of Learning Sites Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal project]

Paley, Samuel M.

2008     "Creating a Virtual Reality Model of the North-West Palace," pp.195-208 in J. E. Curtis, H. McCall, D. Collon, and L. al-Gailani Werr, eds., New Light on Nimrud: proceedings of the Nimrud conference 11th-13th March 2002, the British Institute for the Study of Iraq in association with the British Museum: London.

[history and benefits of using interactive 3D computer modeling to study the complex architecture and globally dispersed wall reliefs from the Northwest Palace, Nimrud, Iraq (ancient Assyria); and especially the long association of Learning Sites with this project]

Paley, Samuel M. and Donald H. Sanders

2010 "The Northwest Palace in the Digital Age," pp.215-36 in 7Ada Cohen and Steven E. Kangas, eds., Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: a cultural biography, Hood Museum of Art: Hanover, NH & University Press of New England: Lebanon, NH.

[review of the current state of the virtual reality model of the Northwest Palace and issues surrounding the use of digital media to study the past; also discussions of the various evidence and assumptions behind the computer model; in a publication of papers from a symposium celebrating the 150th anniversary of the Hood Museum of Art's acquisition of reliefs from this palace]

2004     "The citadel of Nimrud, Iraq: a virtual reality interactive model as a resource for world heritage preservation," pp.541-43 and CD-ROM in Magistrat der Stadt Wien - Referat Kulturelles Erbe - Stadtarchæologie Wien, eds., Enter the Past: the e-way into the four dimensions of cultural heritage, CAA2003, proceedings from the 31st conference, Vienna, Austria, April 2003, ArcheoPress: Oxford (British Archaeological Reports, International Series #1227).

[a nonlinear review and explanation of the cultural, social, and psychological implications of new media; many examples, including a description of Learning Sites and images from our Gebel Barkal virtual world]

[short review of virtual heritage projects, goals, and techniques, with sample images and discussion of Learning Sites' projects, especially the Northwest Palace, Nimrud]

Powell, Alvin

2012 "An Ancient Statue, Re-Created, Harvard Gazette, Dec. 4. http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2012/12/an-ancient-statue-re-created/

[description of innovative techniques developed by Learning Sites to allow museums, for example, to generate high-resolution 3D computer models of their objects for further research or online display without the need for expensive laser scanners, special lighting, special cameras, or removing the objects from their galleries; the article discusses one application of our methods to fragments of a lion sculpture from the site of Nuzi, in Iraq]

Read, Brock
2001    "Archaeology Project Will Recreate an Ancient Assyrian Palace Electronically," The Chronicle of Higher Education, Information Technology section, Sept. 12. http://chronicle.com/free/2001/09/2001091201t.htm

[a review of Learning Sites' work with the University at Buffalo to create an interactive digital re-creation and publication of the Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II at Nimrud, Assyria]

Roehl, Bernie
1997     "Virtual Archaeology: bringing new life to ancient worlds," Innovation³ v.40:28-35.

[archaeological analysis, publication, and education using cutting-edge 3D computer graphics; the top virtual ancient worlds are reviewed, including Learning Sites' Vari House educational package]

2016 "The Present and Future of Virtual Heritage," in M. G. Micale & D. Nadali, eds. How Do We Want the Past to Be? On Methods and Instruments of Visualizing Ancient Reality. Piscataway NJ: Gorgias Press. https://www.gorgiaspress.com/bookshop/p-60126-how-do-we-want-the-past-to-be-bredited-by-maria-gabriella-micale-davide-nadalibrregenerating-practices-in-archaeology-and-heritage-1.aspx

[discussion about the benefits of a virtual heritage approach to archaeology, with examples of recent virtual heritage projects that led to new and sometimes unexpected insight into the past, and discussion about new technologies that could have an impact on archaeological fieldwork, with an example based on the free and open-source REVEAL all digital excavation documentation and recording software package]

2015 "Advances in Virtual Heritage: conditions and caveats," pp.643-46 in Gabriele Guidi, Roberto Scopigno, Juan Carlos Torres, Holger Graf, Fabio Remondino, Pere Brunet, Juan Barceló, Luciana Duranti, and Susan Hazan. eds. Proceedings of the 2015 Digital Heritage International Congress, Granada, Spain. 2 vols. published by IEEE. Some material also available online: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=7413813

[Virtual heritage provides researchers with opportunities to ask new questions, gain insight into the past, and disseminate their work to an ever-increasingly digital data-hungry world. The range of virtual heritage options has dramatically expanded to include game engines, drones, intelligent agents, multifaceted smartphone apps, and all-digital handheld-device driven documentation packages. This paper explores the pros and cons of each for real-world projects.]

2015 "Virtual Tour of the Palace of Nineveh: using modern technology to preserve antiquities in danger," pp.41-59 in Eyal Meiron, Editor, City of David: studies of ancient Jerusalem. The 16th Annual Conference, Jerusalem: Megalim: City of David Institute for Jerusalem Studies.

[a discussion of the textual, archaeological, and architectural evidence of the events that connected the Assyrian Empire of the 8th-7th centuries BCE and the Levantine Coast in light of recent destruction of key Assyrian capital cities and how digital computer modeling is a valuable asset for ensuring that the history of the Assyrians and their cultural heritage survive, if only as virtual surrogates, for future generations]

2014 "Virtual Heritage: Researching and Visualizing the Past in 3D," Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies v.2.1:30-47.

[a brief history of virtual heritage, with examples of projects that led to new insight into the past as a direct result of that profession's approaches and visualizations, with a glimpse into where the technology might be headed and how it may have an impact on archaeological fieldwork, with an example based on the open-source REVEAL all digital excavation documentation and recording software package]

2013 "Gurob Ship-Cart Model in Virtual Reality," pp.207-18 in Shelley Wachsmann, The Gurob Ship-Cart Model and Its Mediterranean Context, College Station, TX: Texas A&M Press.

[discussion of the building of the ship-cart in virtual reality, how that influenced the author's understanding and appreciation of the object, and how new insight was gained through the use of interactive 3D computer models; also explains the digital supplement to the paper book, a innovation in scholarly archaeology publishing]

2012 "A Brief History of Virtual Heritage," pp.95-103 in Jack Green, Emily Teeter, and Jack Larson, eds., Picturing the Past: imaging and imagining the ancient Middle East, Oriental Institute Publications #34, Chicago: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.

[a review of the field of virtual heritage since the mid 1990s and including a peek at one possible future; featuring examples from various Learning Sites projects]

2012 "More than Pretty Pictures of the Past: an American perspective on virtual heritage," in Anna Bentkowska-Kafel and Hugh Denard, eds., Paradata and Transparency in Virtual Heritage, Farnham, UK: Ashgate.

[published papers from a 2006 London conference on transparency in virtual heritage with material from various Learning Sites projects that demonstrated our long-standing commitment to linking virtual worlds with the excavated data upon which they are based]

2011 "Enabling Archaeological Hypothesis Testing in Real Time using the REVEAL Documentation and Display System,” Virtual Archaeology Review 2.4:89-94.

[review of traditional archaeological documentation methods and introduction to the paradigm-shifting software for recording excavations, automating the process of creating geolocated virtual reality models of trenches, architecture, and artifacts, and integrating photos, models, text, and database information about a site into a single tool to expedite all aspects of archaeological fieldwork, analysis, and data dissemination]

2011 "Virtual Reconstruction of Maritime Sites and Artifacts," pp.305-26 in Alexis Catsambis, Ben Ford and Donny L. Hamilton, eds., The Oxford Hanbook of Maritime Archaeology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[review of recent work in virtual heritage as it pertains to underwater sites and objects, including a discussion of methods, output formats, and case studies]

2008 "Why Do Virtual Heritage?" pp.427-436 in Jeffrey T. Clark and Emily M. Hagemeister, eds., Digital Discovery: exploring new frontiers in human heritage (proceedings from the 34th Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology conference, Fargo, ND, USA, April 2006), Budapest: Archaeolingua.

2008 "Why Do Virtual Heritage? Case studies from the portfolio of a long-time practitioner," Archaeology Magazine online at: http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/virtualheritage/

[using several projects from Learning Sites and the Institute for the Visualization of History as examples, the article explores how new insight into the past gained through the methods of virtual heritage; insight that could not have been obtained through the use of traditional 2D or paper-based illustration media]

2005     "Imagine That: just how do they make computer pictures?" DIG 7.6: 28-31.

[discussing the reasons why museums with collections of art, architecture, and archaeological artifacts seem reluctant to install VR-based exhibit displays despite their many advantages for the museum and the visiting public; solutions to each perceived problem is presented]

[description of how new interactive 3D computer graphics are changing the way archaeologists study, publish, and teach about their excavated evidence; with images and descriptions of various Learning Sites projects.]

2001     "Persuade or Perish: moving virtual heritage beyond pretty pictures of the past," pp.236-245 in Hal Thwaites and Lon Addison, eds., Enhanced Realities: augmented and unplugged -- Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia, 25-27 October, 2001, IEEE Computer Society: Los Alamitos, California.

[the creation of virtual worlds based on our cultural heritage is an endeavor that although no longer in its infacy is still struggling to generate worthy content; as drawing and then photography were adopted to document historical places, objects, and cultures, so today virtual heritage products are beginning to serve those functions; but is VR content really taking advantage of the digital medium; who is creating the content; who is the audience; and are the creators and the audiences working together in fruitful ways?]

2001     "Modern Technology Deciphers Ancient Architecture," Indian Architect & Builder, Mar., pp.24-26.

[how software once used primarily by architects, construction professionals, and graphic artists has found alternative applications by archaeologists trying to understand and visualize the ancient monuments; with examples from Learning Sites' projects]

[in an increasingly electronic world, archeological data are appearing in new types of publications and are finding new avenues for dissemination; the definitions of author, publisher, and content creator have become blurred, and entities other than the original excavation team are playing important roles;  new  collaborations are required between the excavators and the digital designer and publisher to produce text, graphics and organizational layouts; the resulting new formats and presentations are so different from traditional print-based publishing that new techniques must emerge for crediting authors and illustrators, for peer review, and for bibliographic citations; some of the changes that digital media bring to the process of archeological publishing are discussed]

[a review of the company, the software we use to construct our 3D models, the new insight into the past that interactive computer models provide, some recent projects, and our view of a digital archaeology and virtual-reality-based education of the future]

[a brief history of virtual reality; how virtual reality has been used by archaeologists; how virtual reality can be better integrated into archaeological excavation, data analysis, publication, teaching, and site preservation; with examples from current Learning Sites projects] 

[the long history of virtual reality but only recent use of it for public education, how to move virtual reality from adjunct audiovisual aid to complete curriculum framework, with archaeological content as an example]

for other works by Sanders, see also: Barcelo, Forte, and Sanders; Dabney, Wright, and Sanders; Jacobson and Sanders; Kornfeld and Sanders; Paley and Sanders

[our Vari House Virtual World package for public school education, its hyperlinked and virtual reality components, and a vision of the future classroom]

[how virtual reality-based education, the Internet, and emerging technologies for multi-user interaction and customized database access could affect education]

[the benefits and pitfalls of designing virtual worlds using the emerging VRML standard]

for other works by Gay, see also: Gay

[special issue devoted to archaeology, reviewing new excavations, new analyses, and new techniques for understanding and visualizing "lost" or destroyed ancient buildings and sites; article discusses examples from several projects using virtual reality, including those by Learning Sites]

Smith, Julian
2012     "Virtually Recreating the Past," American Archaeology, #16.4:13-18.

[examples of recent virtual archaeology projects across the United States, with a sidebar by Donald H. Sanders commenting on the state of the discipline]

Soltysiak, Arkadiusz & Piotr Jaskulski
1998     "Wykopaliska w Komputerze," Wiedza i Zycie, #6:48-52.

[review of some of the latest digital techniques used for archaeological research and interpretation, including the virtual reality efforts of Learning Sites; liberally illustrated with examples from Learning Sites projects]

[how Learning Sites uses CAD and virtual reality technology to create educational packages; they have a high-degree of accuracy and integrate abundant teaching aids; our educational project based on data from the Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II, Nimrud, is featured]

2016 "Lost & Found: Williamstown-based firm recognized for pioneering work in virtual heritage," Berkshire Trade & Commerce Monthly January, v.19 #9:front page, 10-11 (with numerous illustrations).

[review of the history of Learning Sites, the recent Tartessos Prize awarded to President Donald H. Sanders, and current projects, especially in light of the wanton and willful destruction of cultural heritage by ISIS and how virtual reality and other digital visualization technologies can play important roles in long-term preservation of fragile archaeological material]

Virtuality & Interactivity
1999     Virtuality & Interactivity II: MediARTech: Digital Renaissance conference and exhibit (held May 26-30, 1999, Florence), catalogue edited by Franz Fischnaller, F.A.B.R.I.CATORS, Milan, [np].

[this year's program of events focused on advanced multimedia technologies as applied to cultural heritage, including new methds for assessing and enjoying our cultural heritage and looking for ways to use these methods for education; display of several Learning Sites projects; description, objectives, and innovations of our Northwest Palace of Ashur-nasir-pal II, Nimrud, project is featured in the catalogue]

[a copiously illustrated encyclopedic review of ancient Egyptian temples, covering such topics as temple origins, construction techniques, the various spaces of the temple, the religious functions of temples, and examples of the major buildings all along the Nile from the Delta to Nubia; included in the discussion of the Nubian site of Gebel Barkal, are renderings from Learning Sites' 3D model of the site]

[review and evaluation of current efforts at developing, evaluating, or using VR technology for education; research indicates potential of VR-based educational packages to enhance constructivist and collaborative learning at all levels of teaching; Learning Sites' education efforts are highlighted throughout]